[
  {
    "country": "Saudi Arabia",
    "slug": "saudi-arabia",
    "region": "Middle East",
    "totalSince2009": 110000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 4800,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-15SA fighters ($29.4B)",
      "THAAD missile defense ($15B)",
      "Patriot PAC-3 ($1.75B)",
      "Abrams tanks ($1.15B)",
      "Apache helicopters"
    ],
    "note": "Largest US arms buyer. Weapons used in Yemen war bombing campaign that killed thousands of civilians. Arms sales temporarily paused under Biden, resumed under Trump.",
    "controversies": "Khashoggi murder, Yemen school bus bombing with Raytheon MK-82, 200,000+ Yemen deaths"
  },
  {
    "country": "Australia",
    "slug": "australia",
    "region": "Indo-Pacific",
    "totalSince2009": 21000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 3200,
    "topSystems": [
      "Virginia-class submarines (AUKUS, $368B)",
      "F-35A fighters ($12.4B)",
      "Tomahawk cruise missiles",
      "MQ-9B drones"
    ],
    "note": "AUKUS agreement is the largest arms deal in history. Australia will buy 3-5 Virginia-class nuclear submarines."
  },
  {
    "country": "Japan",
    "slug": "japan",
    "region": "Indo-Pacific",
    "totalSince2009": 19000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 3800,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-35A/B fighters ($23B)",
      "Aegis system upgrades",
      "SM-3 missile defense",
      "Osprey tiltrotors ($3B)",
      "Tomahawk missiles ($2.35B)"
    ],
    "note": "Japan doubled its defense budget in 2022. Largest US military host nation with 55,000 US troops."
  },
  {
    "country": "South Korea",
    "slug": "south-korea",
    "region": "Indo-Pacific",
    "totalSince2009": 14000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 2100,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-35A fighters ($7.2B)",
      "AH-64E Apache ($1.5B)",
      "Patriot PAC-3",
      "Global Hawk drones",
      "THAAD"
    ],
    "note": "28,500 US troops stationed in South Korea. Annual \"burden sharing\" payments of $1.1B."
  },
  {
    "country": "UAE",
    "slug": "uae",
    "region": "Middle East",
    "totalSince2009": 23000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 2000,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-35 (approved then frozen)",
      "THAAD ($3.5B)",
      "MQ-9 Reaper drones",
      "Patriot",
      "JDAM bombs"
    ],
    "note": "UAE used US weapons in Yemen and Libya interventions. F-35 sale approved in 2020, frozen in 2021 over China/Huawei concerns."
  },
  {
    "country": "Taiwan",
    "slug": "taiwan",
    "region": "Indo-Pacific",
    "totalSince2009": 18000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 1500,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-16V fighters ($8B)",
      "M1A2 Abrams ($2B)",
      "HIMARS ($774M)",
      "Harpoon anti-ship ($2.37B)",
      "Stinger MANPADS"
    ],
    "note": "Arms sales to Taiwan infuriate China. The Taiwan Relations Act requires the US to provide \"arms of a defensive character.\" $19B in arms backlog."
  },
  {
    "country": "Qatar",
    "slug": "qatar",
    "region": "Middle East",
    "totalSince2009": 28000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 800,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-15QA fighters ($12B)",
      "Apache helicopters ($3B)",
      "Patriot ($7.6B)",
      "NASAMS"
    ],
    "note": "Home to Al Udeid Air Base, the largest US base in the Middle East. $28B in arms sales despite hosting Hamas leadership."
  },
  {
    "country": "Israel",
    "slug": "israel",
    "region": "Middle East",
    "totalSince2009": 42000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 18000,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-35I fighters ($6B)",
      "F-15IA ($18.8B)",
      "KC-46 tankers",
      "Iron Dome resupply ($1B+)",
      "JDAM bombs",
      "2000lb bunker busters"
    ],
    "note": "Israel receives $3.8B/yr in military aid (10-year $38B MOU). Additional $14.5B emergency aid in 2024 for Gaza operations. Total US military aid since 1948: $310B+.",
    "controversies": "Gaza 2023-24: 45,000+ Palestinian deaths, accusations of genocide at ICJ, US weapons confirmed in strikes on hospitals, schools, refugee camps."
  },
  {
    "country": "Poland",
    "slug": "poland",
    "region": "Europe",
    "totalSince2009": 12000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 4000,
    "topSystems": [
      "Abrams tanks ($6B)",
      "HIMARS ($10B)",
      "F-35 ($6.5B)",
      "Apache helicopters ($12B)",
      "Patriot"
    ],
    "note": "Poland became a top US arms buyer after Russia invaded Ukraine. Spending 4.7% of GDP on defense in 2025 — highest in NATO."
  },
  {
    "country": "Germany",
    "slug": "germany",
    "region": "Europe",
    "totalSince2009": 8000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 2500,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-35 ($8.4B)",
      "CH-47F Chinook ($8.5B)",
      "AH-64E Apache",
      "Patriot"
    ],
    "note": "Germany increased defense spending after Ukraine invasion. $100B special fund announced in 2022."
  },
  {
    "country": "India",
    "slug": "india",
    "region": "Indo-Pacific",
    "totalSince2009": 22000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 3500,
    "topSystems": [
      "MQ-9B SeaGuardian drones ($3.99B)",
      "Apache helicopters ($2.4B)",
      "C-17 Globemaster ($5.8B)",
      "P-8I Poseidon ($4.1B)"
    ],
    "note": "India shifting from Russian to US weapons. $22B in deals since 2007. \"Major Defense Partner\" status since 2016."
  },
  {
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "slug": "united-kingdom",
    "region": "Europe",
    "totalSince2009": 9000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 1200,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-35B ($6B)",
      "Apache AH-64E",
      "P-8A Poseidon ($2.2B)",
      "Tomahawk missiles"
    ],
    "note": "Closest US military ally. Joint programs include F-35 and AUKUS. Hosts US nuclear weapons at RAF Lakenheath."
  },
  {
    "country": "Egypt",
    "slug": "egypt",
    "region": "Middle East",
    "totalSince2009": 13000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 1300,
    "topSystems": [
      "M1A1 Abrams (co-production)",
      "F-16 fighters",
      "Apache helicopters",
      "Harpoon missiles"
    ],
    "note": "Receives $1.3B/yr in military aid since Camp David Accords (1978). Total aid: $50B+. Used US weapons to suppress 2013 protests."
  },
  {
    "country": "Kuwait",
    "slug": "kuwait",
    "region": "Middle East",
    "totalSince2009": 11000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 600,
    "topSystems": [
      "F/A-18 Super Hornet ($5B)",
      "Patriot PAC-3 ($4.2B)",
      "Apache ($4B)"
    ],
    "note": "US liberated Kuwait in 1991. Hosts Camp Arifjan with 13,000 US troops."
  },
  {
    "country": "Singapore",
    "slug": "singapore",
    "region": "Indo-Pacific",
    "totalSince2009": 7000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 900,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-35B ($6.3B)",
      "F-16V",
      "Apache",
      "CH-47F"
    ],
    "note": "Key US naval logistics hub. Changi Naval Base accommodates US aircraft carriers."
  },
  {
    "country": "Iraq",
    "slug": "iraq",
    "region": "Middle East",
    "totalSince2009": 18000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 400,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-16 fighters ($6.5B)",
      "M1A1 Abrams tanks ($2.4B)",
      "Apache helicopters",
      "AT-6 Texan II",
      "Scan Eagle drones"
    ],
    "note": "US rebuilt Iraq's military after destroying it in 2003. Ironic: billions to arm the same military we spent trillions fighting.",
    "controversies": "Iraqi forces using US weapons collapsed against ISIS in 2014, abandoning billions in equipment. US-supplied Abrams tanks ended up in ISIS propaganda videos."
  },
  {
    "country": "Morocco",
    "slug": "morocco",
    "region": "Africa",
    "totalSince2009": 5000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 800,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-16V fighters ($3.8B)",
      "AH-64E Apache ($4.25B)",
      "HIMARS",
      "Patriot PAC-3"
    ],
    "note": "Arms sales surged after Morocco normalized relations with Israel (Abraham Accords). Western Sahara conflict ongoing."
  },
  {
    "country": "Norway",
    "slug": "norway",
    "region": "Europe",
    "totalSince2009": 7000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 800,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-35A fighters ($10B)",
      "P-8A Poseidon ($1.75B)",
      "NSM missiles (Norwegian-made, joint production)"
    ],
    "note": "NATO ally. F-35 program was partly designed with Norwegian requirements in mind."
  },
  {
    "country": "Greece",
    "slug": "greece",
    "region": "Europe",
    "totalSince2009": 5000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 1200,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-35A ($8.6B approved)",
      "F-16V upgrade ($1.5B)",
      "C-130J",
      "Patriot"
    ],
    "note": "NATO ally buying F-35s partly to maintain parity with Turkey (which was kicked out of F-35 program for buying Russian S-400)."
  },
  {
    "country": "Finland",
    "slug": "finland",
    "region": "Europe",
    "totalSince2009": 4000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 800,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-35A ($10.4B)",
      "JASSM-ER",
      "AMRAAM missiles"
    ],
    "note": "Joined NATO in 2023 after Russia invaded Ukraine. Immediately ordered 64 F-35s — Finland's largest defense purchase ever."
  },
  {
    "country": "Romania",
    "slug": "romania",
    "region": "Europe",
    "totalSince2009": 3000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 600,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-35A ($6.5B approved)",
      "Patriot ($3.9B)",
      "HIMARS ($1.25B)",
      "F-16 fighters"
    ],
    "note": "NATO's eastern flank. Hosting US Aegis Ashore missile defense site at Deveselu — a major irritant for Russia."
  },
  {
    "country": "Czech Republic",
    "slug": "czech-republic",
    "region": "Europe",
    "totalSince2009": 2000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 500,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-35A ($5.6B approved)",
      "UH-1Y Venom helicopters",
      "HIMARS"
    ],
    "note": "Former Warsaw Pact country now buying US stealth fighters. Shows how far NATO expansion has reached."
  },
  {
    "country": "Canada",
    "slug": "canada",
    "region": "North America",
    "totalSince2009": 6000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 800,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-35A ($19B CAD)",
      "P-8A Poseidon",
      "CH-47F Chinook",
      "AARGM-ER missiles"
    ],
    "note": "Closest US ally. F-35 purchase delayed for years by politics. Canada a NORAD partner with integrated air defense."
  },
  {
    "country": "Bahrain",
    "slug": "bahrain",
    "region": "Middle East",
    "totalSince2009": 5000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 300,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-16V fighters ($3.8B)",
      "Patriot PAC-3",
      "AH-1Z Viper helicopters ($912M)"
    ],
    "note": "Home to US Fifth Fleet (Naval Support Activity Bahrain). Tiny island nation of 1.5M people hosting the US Navy's Middle East headquarters."
  },
  {
    "country": "Jordan",
    "slug": "jordan",
    "region": "Middle East",
    "totalSince2009": 4000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 500,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-16V upgrade",
      "AH-1Z Viper helicopters",
      "Javelin missiles",
      "Black Hawk helicopters"
    ],
    "note": "Key US ally bordering Israel, Iraq, Syria. Receives ~$1.7B/year in US aid. Hosts 3,000+ US troops at Muwaffaq Salti Air Base — a base Iran attacked in 2026."
  },
  {
    "country": "Philippines",
    "slug": "philippines",
    "region": "Indo-Pacific",
    "totalSince2009": 3000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 400,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-16V fighters ($2.43B approved)",
      "HIMARS",
      "C-130J",
      "Brahmos missiles (via India)"
    ],
    "note": "US returned to Philippine bases under Marcos Jr. after Duterte era chill. Critical for containing China in South China Sea."
  },
  {
    "country": "Thailand",
    "slug": "thailand",
    "region": "Indo-Pacific",
    "totalSince2009": 2000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 300,
    "topSystems": [
      "Stryker vehicles ($425M)",
      "Black Hawk helicopters",
      "M1126 ICVs",
      "AMRAAM missiles"
    ],
    "note": "US treaty ally since 1954. Annual Cobra Gold exercises. Balancing US and Chinese military ties."
  },
  {
    "country": "Colombia",
    "slug": "colombia",
    "region": "Americas",
    "totalSince2009": 3000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 200,
    "topSystems": [
      "Black Hawk helicopters",
      "A-29 Super Tucano",
      "Scan Eagle drones",
      "Javelin missiles"
    ],
    "note": "Received $12B+ in US military/counter-narcotics aid since Plan Colombia (2000). Now the largest US military partner in Latin America."
  },
  {
    "country": "Indonesia",
    "slug": "indonesia",
    "region": "Indo-Pacific",
    "totalSince2009": 2500,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 600,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-15ID fighters ($13.9B approved)",
      "MV-22 Osprey ($2B)",
      "C-130J"
    ],
    "note": "Largest Muslim-majority country. US rebuilding mil-to-mil ties cut after 1999 East Timor massacre. F-15 sale is a strategic counter to Chinese influence."
  },
  {
    "country": "Netherlands",
    "slug": "netherlands",
    "region": "Europe",
    "totalSince2009": 5000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 400,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-35A ($5.5B)",
      "MQ-9 Reaper drones",
      "AIM-120 AMRAAM",
      "Patriot"
    ],
    "note": "NATO ally. Home to Volkel Air Base — one of six European sites storing US nuclear weapons (B61 bombs, officially \"neither confirmed nor denied\")."
  },
  {
    "country": "Belgium",
    "slug": "belgium",
    "region": "Europe",
    "totalSince2009": 3000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 300,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-35A ($4.3B)",
      "MQ-9B SkyGuardian ($600M)"
    ],
    "note": "Home to NATO headquarters. Kleine Brogel Air Base stores US nuclear weapons. Belgium's parliament debated removing them — US objected."
  },
  {
    "country": "Switzerland",
    "slug": "switzerland",
    "region": "Europe",
    "totalSince2009": 1000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 600,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-35A ($6.5B)",
      "Patriot"
    ],
    "note": "Neutral country buying American stealth fighters. Controversial referendum narrowly approved ($6.5B purchase). Shows F-35 market dominance."
  },
  {
    "country": "Denmark",
    "slug": "denmark",
    "region": "Europe",
    "totalSince2009": 3000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 300,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-35A ($3.3B)",
      "Harpoon missiles",
      "ScanEagle drones"
    ],
    "note": "Contributed to Afghanistan and Libya campaigns. Trump famously offered to buy Greenland (Danish territory) — twice."
  },
  {
    "country": "Turkey",
    "slug": "turkey",
    "region": "Middle East/Europe",
    "totalSince2009": 8000,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 200,
    "topSystems": [
      "F-16V upgrade ($23B approved)",
      "AIM-120 AMRAAM",
      "previously F-35 partner"
    ],
    "note": "NATO ally kicked out of F-35 program for buying Russian S-400 air defense system. Turkey then built its own 5th-gen fighter (KAAN). Relationship remains tense.",
    "controversies": "Bought Russian S-400 despite US threats. Used US-supplied weapons against US-allied Kurds in Syria. Blocked Sweden's NATO membership for over a year."
  },
  {
    "country": "Brazil",
    "slug": "brazil",
    "region": "Americas",
    "totalSince2009": 1500,
    "recentFY": 2024,
    "recentAmount": 300,
    "topSystems": [
      "C-130J Hercules",
      "AH-1Z Viper ($800M proposed)",
      "AGM-84L Harpoon"
    ],
    "note": "Largest economy in Latin America. Chose Sweden's Gripen over F-35/F-18. US arms sales limited but growing under closer defense cooperation."
  }
]